A prison, jail, or lock-up; a house of correction. [OED]

knacker: One whose trade it is to buy worn out, diseased, or useless horses, and slaughter them for their hides and hoofs, and for making dog's-meat, etc.; a horse-slaughterer. [OED]

An unprincipled or dishonest person; a rogue, a scoundrel. Like many pejorative, terms its roots are in the medieval words for lower class males. The OED give Knave as "A male attendant, page, or other servant; (also more generally) a man of low rank or status"

Knobstick: A name given, by workmen, to one who during a strike or lock-out continues to work on the master's terms; a black-leg [OED]

 A misfortune, a rebuff, a blow; adverse criticism. Frequently in phr. to take the knock: to sustain a severe financial or emotional blow, to suffer a setback [OED]

woken by a person appointed so to do

knowledgeable; well-informed, learned, practised, expert having intelligence or understanding.[ OED] 

To acknowledge oneself beaten; to give way, give in, submit. [OED]

meaning unknown

Ladys maid: A woman's personal maidservant [OED]

Meaning not known Presumably part of a power loom. 

Playing (with); amusing oneself with [OED]

Meaning not known Presumably part of a power loom.

Lame duck; one who cannot meet his financial engagements. (Stock Exchange Usage)

a festival to mark the wheat harvest

lang_syne¹ : past times

A transparent case, e.g. of glass, horn, talc, containing and protecting a light. [OED]

The internal fat of the abdomen of a swine, esp. when rendered and clarified, much used in cooking, and in pharmacy as the basis of unguent [OED]

Lawk-a-mercy= Lord have mercy!; [OED]