Putter a term used on Northumberland for a person, usually a boy or young man who pushes tubs of coal from the coal face to the area at the bottom of the shaft known as the pit eye. Before 1842 women did this type of work in some coalfields.. A hurrier in Yorkshire, a waggoner or drawer in Lancashire.[i] The practice of employing boys to do this work continued after the 1842 Act Mines and Collieries Act prohibited all girls and boys under ten years old from working underground in coal mines. [ii]

Reference:
[i] Glossary of coal mining terminology https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_coal_mining_terminology
[ii] Mining Occupations, Durham Mining Museum website http://www.dmm.org.uk/educate/mineocc.htm

A person who dishonestly claims to have medical or surgical skill, or who advertises false or fake remedies; a medical imposter. In extended use: any person who dishonestly claims to have a special knowledge or skill in any field [OED]

Affected with nausea, queasy [OED]

Quarter of a pint [OED] about 125ml

Quarter: The upper part of a ship's side aft of the beam; either of the two after parts, one on each side of the centreline. Sometimes with modifying word indicating the side, as port, starboard, etc., quarter. on the quarter: in a direction about midway between astern and on the beam. [OED]

Quart:- One quarter of a gallon; two pints (~1.14 Litres) [CPB]

a fairy in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet and later works of English literature

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Mab]

County Laios  before the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922

slightly ill [CPB]

Out of sorts; unwell; faint, giddy [OED]

Strange, odd, peculiar, eccentric. [OED]

quiz: to peer inquisitively at; to watch or examine closely, to interrogate with the eyes, study [OED]

Quiz : To make fun of, mock, or tease (a person); to satirise (a thing). [OED] 

To be stretched  (faculties, words, etc.) to the limit; to be put (a person) in an extremely difficult or awkward position. Figurative from The rack: An instrument of torture, usually consisting of a frame on which the victim was stretched by turning two rollers fastened at each end to the wrists and ankles [OED]

The OED offers a meaning of rail as "To mill about, go to and fro; to wander, roam" although the latest date for this meaning cited by the OED is 1567

The meaning of stag has Stag: A slang term for short-term speculator. A stag would be equivalent to a day trader who attempts to profit off short-term market moves by quickly moving in and out of positions. (Investopedia, http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stag.asp)   A person who applies for an allocation of shares in a joint-stock concern solely with a view to selling immediately at a profit. Or 1854 H. AYRES Fenn’s Eng. & For. Funds 109 A Stag is one who is not a Member of the Stock Exchange, but deals outside, and is sometimes called an ‘Outsider’

Slang for women's red stockings [Kilgarriff, Michael - Sing Us One of the Old songs : A Guide to Popular Song 1860-1920 (Oxford University Press, 1998) p98]

to engage in banter

Meaning unknown

 Ranter¹: A person who talks or declaims noisily, bombastically, or vehemently (in early use especially in preaching) [OED]