A hewer is a coal face worker who digs coal.

Reference:
Glossary of coal mining terminology https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_coal_mining_terminology

A vigorous solo dance involving much jumping based on traditional dances of the Scottish Highlands

Meaning uncertain: probably India. The text rhymes hingy with dingy (dindjee) suggesting a pronunciation of hindjee. See [Note 621.8] [CPB]

Dear friends

A term of endearment, a corruption of honey
[Thomas Wilson - The Pitman's Pay and Other Poems]

A nail with massive head and short tang, used for protecting the soles of heavy boots and shoes. [OED]

Fitted with hob-nails. See Hob-nail

Hobart, Tasmania. Site of a penal colony to which criminals were transported from 1833, until the 1850s

a call to excite attention [OED

Omnibus

Omnibus

To seize by stealth; to steal, pilfer (OED)

Secured, caught [OED]

Cheated, Stolen from.  See Hook (2)

Harvesters hook

A self-discharging barge used to remove material brought up by dredgers

Newacstle Journal, Saturday 20th June 1863

Tyne Built Ships website http://www.tynebuiltships.co.uk/R-Ships/rtchopper51863.html

 

An annual festival at which dancing was the main amusement.
The Geordie Dictionary https://www.bedlington.co.uk/forums/topic/4577-the-geordie-dictionary/

A dancing-party, of an informal or unceremonious kind. [OED]

A trough, often of stone, usually beside the public highway, to provide water for horses.

Meaning unknown